{"id":2652,"date":"2016-04-12T08:46:06","date_gmt":"2016-04-12T13:46:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wildlifepreservation.ca\/?page_id=2652"},"modified":"2016-12-01T14:20:47","modified_gmt":"2016-12-01T19:20:47","slug":"le-bourdon-a-tache-rousse","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wildlifepreservation.ca\/fr\/le-bourdon-a-tache-rousse\/","title":{"rendered":"Le bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbRow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Bombus affinis
\n<\/em>Statut<\/b> de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce\u00a0<\/b>: <\/b>esp\u00e8ce en voie de disparition au Canada; gravement en p\u00e9ril partout au monde (selon une \u00e9valuation de la UICN)
\nMesures n\u00e9cessaires\u00a0<\/b>:<\/b> \u00e9levage pour la conservation et r\u00e9introduction<\/p>\n

Une des esp\u00e8ces de bourdon les plus communes dans le sud de l\u2019Ontario pas plus tard que les ann\u00e9es 1980, ce pollinisateur travailleur est maintenant \u00e0 deux doigts de l\u2019extinction dans l\u2019ensemble de sa grande aire de r\u00e9partition. En d\u00e9pit d\u2019enqu\u00eates approfondies men\u00e9es dans des sites historiques partout en Ontario, le bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 vu au Canada depuis 2009.<\/p>\n

Aper\u00e7u<\/b>
\nLe bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse tient son nom de la tache rousse qui se trouve sur l\u2019abdomen des ouvri\u00e8res et des m\u00e2les. Ces bourdons se d\u00e9marquent aussi par leur langue courte qui les force \u00e0 l\u2019occasion \u00e0 \u00ab voler \u00bb le nectar des fleurs en per\u00e7ant un trou \u00e0 l\u2019arri\u00e8re afin d\u2019avoir acc\u00e8s au nectar que leur petite langue n\u2019arrive pas \u00e0 atteindre. Les reines du printemps \u00e9mergent au d\u00e9but d\u2019avril et les ouvri\u00e8res, les m\u00e2les et les nouvelles reines peuvent vivre jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin d\u2019octobre, ce qui en fait l\u2019esp\u00e8ce dans l\u2019est de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord dont le cycle de la colonie est le plus long.<\/p>\n

Habitat<\/b>
\nLe bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un g\u00e9n\u00e9raliste sur le plan de l\u2019habitat, ce qui signifie qu\u2019il peut s\u2019adapter \u00e0 un nombre consid\u00e9rable de conditions ambiantes. Il butine dans des dizaines de plantes alimentaires, y compris les laiterons, les tournesols, les tr\u00e8fles et les fleurs des arbres fruitiers. Pas plus tard que les ann\u00e9es 1980, on le voyait assez fr\u00e9quemment dans les parcs et les ravins de la ville de Toronto, ainsi que dans les jardins urbains, les terres humides et les champs de p\u00e9trole pr\u00e8s des for\u00eats. Le dernier lieu connu au Canada du bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse se trouve dans le parc provincial Pinery en Ontario.<\/p>\n

Aire de r\u00e9partition<\/b>
\nHistoriquement, le bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse avait une grande distribution le long de la c\u00f4te est des \u00c9tats-Unis du sud du Maine jusqu\u2019au Tennessee, avec un prolongement \u00e0 l\u2019ouest le long des \u00e9tats du nord en passant par le Minnesota. Au Canada, il se trouvait dans le sud de l\u2019Ontario ainsi que dans le bout \u00e0 l\u2019extr\u00eame sud-ouest du Qu\u00e9bec. Une \u00e9tude men\u00e9e dans le sud de l\u2019Ontario au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1970 montre que le bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse \u00e9tait \u00e0 ce moment-l\u00e0 la quatri\u00e8me esp\u00e8ce de bourdon la plus commune (d\u2019un total de 14). Depuis, il est devenu le plus rare.<\/p>\n

Menaces<\/b>
\nLes scientifiques n\u2019ont pas encore mis le doigt sur les raisons li\u00e9es au d\u00e9clin rapide de ce pollinisateur si commun et r\u00e9pandu. Au niveau local, l\u2019utilisation de pesticides, la perte d\u2019habitat et une comp\u00e9tition accrue avec d\u2019autres esp\u00e8ces comme l\u2019abeille mellif\u00e8re contribuent aux d\u00e9clins. Les facteurs qui touchent l\u2019ensemble son aire de r\u00e9partition peuvent inclure le changement climatique et des infections dont les abeilles commerciales sont les porteuses.<\/p>\n

Actions recommand\u00e9es pour le r\u00e9tablissement de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce<\/b>
\nLa strat\u00e9gie de r\u00e9tablissement de l\u2019Ontario visant le bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse demande de nombreuses mesures de conservation, y compris restaurer son habitat, continuer de chercher des bourdons \u00e0 tache rousse sauvages dans leurs sites historiques et, si on peut trouver des reines, \u00e9tablir un programme d\u2019\u00e9levage pour la conservation.<\/p>\n

Ce que nous faisons<\/b>
\nD\u00e9couvrez comment Conservation de la faune au Canada aide \u00e0 sauver les pollinisateurs indig\u00e8nes<\/a>, y compris les bourdons et comment vous pouvez faire la diff\u00e9rence.<\/p>\n

Renseignements suppl\u00e9mentaires<\/b>
\nProfil d\u2019esp\u00e8ce en p\u00e9ril f\u00e9d\u00e9ral : <\/span><\/span>le bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse<\/span><\/span><\/a>\u00a0<\/span>
<\/span>S<\/span><\/span>trat\u00e9gie de r\u00e9tablissement du bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse en Ontario<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbRow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb] Bombus affinis Statut de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce\u00a0: esp\u00e8ce en voie de disparition au Canada; gravement en p\u00e9ril partout au monde (selon une \u00e9valuation de la UICN) Mesures n\u00e9cessaires\u00a0: \u00e9levage pour la conservation et r\u00e9introduction Une des esp\u00e8ces de bourdon les plus communes dans le sud de l\u2019Ontario […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":7907,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[70],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2652","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-insectes"],"yoast_head":"\nLe bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse - 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