{"id":6287,"date":"2015-07-13T13:16:18","date_gmt":"2015-07-13T18:16:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/wildlifepreservation.ca\/?p=6287"},"modified":"2016-11-21T13:45:28","modified_gmt":"2016-11-21T18:45:28","slug":"le-bourdon-terricole","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/wildlifepreservation.ca\/fr\/le-bourdon-terricole\/","title":{"rendered":"Le bourdon terricole"},"content":{"rendered":"

[et_pb_section admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbsection\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_row admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbRow\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb4_4″][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText\u00a0\u00bb background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb text_orientation=\u00a0\u00bbleft\u00a0\u00bb use_border_color=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb border_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb border_style=\u00a0\u00bbsolid\u00a0\u00bb]<\/p>\n

Bombus terricola<\/em>
\nStatut de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce :<\/strong> pr\u00e9occupante (selon une \u00e9valuation du COSEPAC); pr\u00e9occupante en Ontario, vuln\u00e9rable \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9chelle mondiale (\u00e9valuation de l\u2019UICN)
\nMesures n\u00e9cessaires:<\/strong> \u00e9levage pour la conservation, augmentation de la population et r\u00e9introduction<\/p>\n

La situation grave du d\u00e9clin des abeilles cause tout un bourdonnement derni\u00e8rement et pour cause: 90 % de toutes les plantes \u00e0 fleurs ont besoin de pollinisateurs comme le bourdon terricole pour se reproduire.<\/p>\n

Aper\u00e7u
\n<\/strong>Sa capacit\u00e9 pour voler dans des temp\u00e9ratures plus froides et des \u00e9clairages plus faibles distingue ces pollinisateurs experts de nombreux autres types d\u2019abeilles. Le bourdon terricole emploie une technique qui s\u2019appelle en anglais \u00ab buzz pollination<\/em> \u00bb o\u00f9 l\u2019abeille saisit une fleur dans ses m\u00e2choires et fait vibrer ses ailes afin de secouer le pollen qui, autrement, serait inaccessible.<\/p>\n

Habitat
\n<\/strong>\u00c9tant donn\u00e9 qu\u2019il utilise le nectar et le pollen comme source d\u2019\u00e9nergie, de prot\u00e9ine et de nutriments, le bourdon terricole aime les habitats qui offrent beaucoup de fleurs, par exemple les pr\u00e9s, les prairies, les terres humides, les for\u00eats et les fermes.<\/p>\n

Aire de r\u00e9partition
\n<\/strong>Tout comme le bourdon \u00e0 tache rousse, le bourdon terricole \u00e9tait une esp\u00e8ce commune jusqu\u2019\u00e0 tout r\u00e9cemment. On l\u2019a d\u00e9j\u00e0 trouv\u00e9 dans une grande partie du centre de l\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord, de Terre-Neuve et les provinces maritimes, dans l\u2019ouest jusqu\u2019\u00e0 l\u2019est de la Colombie-Britannique, au nord jusque dans les Territoires du Nord-Ouest et le Yukon et au sud jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la Caroline du Nord. Cependant, ces nombres ont baiss\u00e9 consid\u00e9rablement depuis les ann\u00e9es 1990 et il n\u2019a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 vu dans la plus grande partie de son aire de r\u00e9partition aux \u00c9tats-Unis depuis 1999. Environ 50 \u00e0 60 % de la distribution mondiale de cette esp\u00e8ce se trouve au Canada.<\/p>\n

Menaces <\/strong>
\nLes scientifiques n\u2019ont pas encore mis le doigt sur les raisons li\u00e9es au d\u00e9clin rapide de ce pollinisateur si commun et r\u00e9pandu. Au niveau local, l\u2019utilisation de pesticides, la perte d\u2019habitat et une comp\u00e9tition accrue avec d\u2019autres esp\u00e8ces comme l\u2019abeille mellif\u00e8re contribuent aux d\u00e9clins. Les facteurs qui touchent l\u2019ensemble de sa distribution peuvent inclure le changement climatique et des infections dont les abeilles commerciales sont les porteuses.<\/p>\n

Actions recommand\u00e9es pour le r\u00e9tablissement de l\u2019esp\u00e8ce<\/strong>
\nEn 2016, le Comit\u00e9 sur la situation des esp\u00e8ces en p\u00e9ril au Canada (COSEPAC) a d\u00e9termin\u00e9 que le bourdon terricole \u00e9tait une esp\u00e8ce pr\u00e9occupante. L\u2019Ontario a officiellement class\u00e9 cette esp\u00e8ce comme pr\u00e9occupante la m\u00eame ann\u00e9e. Cependant, comme cette esp\u00e8ce n\u2019a pas encore \u00e9t\u00e9 officiellement d\u00e9sign\u00e9e en vertu d\u2019une loi f\u00e9d\u00e9rale ou provinciale sur les esp\u00e8ces en p\u00e9ril, aucune strat\u00e9gie de r\u00e9tablissement officielle n\u2019a encore \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9labor\u00e9e. En attendant, les experts demandent la restauration de l\u2019habitat et des enqu\u00eates soutenues pour suivre la taille de la population et la r\u00e9partition sont encourag\u00e9es.<\/p>\n

Ce que nous faisons<\/strong>
\nD\u00e9couvrez comment Wildlife Preservation Canada aide \u00e0 sauver les pollinisateurs indig\u00e8nes<\/a>, y compris le bourdon terricole et comment vous pouvez faire la diff\u00e9rence.<\/p>\n

Renseignements suppl\u00e9mentaires
\n<\/strong>Profil d\u2019esp\u00e8ce en p\u00e9ril f\u00e9d\u00e9ral : le bourdon terricole<\/a><\/p>\n

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